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REFINERY OPERATIONS
Treating and Sulfur Recovery Operations
ROTRO
Formats: Video
OVERVIEW
The Treating and Sulfur Recovery Operations training program is designed to introduce students to processes that are used to remove or convert sulfur compounds contained in crude fractions. After completing this unit, the students should have a general understanding of amine treatment, mercaptan extraction, mercaptan conversion, and sulfur recovery, and they should be able to identify the equipment used in these processes and describe how the equipment operates. The students should also be able to identify the important process variables and conditions associated with each process.
OBJECTIVES
Introduction to Treating and Sulfur Recovery
- State the purpose of treating and sulfur recovery.
- Identify two types of sulfur compounds contained in crude fractions and explain how they can be removed or converted.
- Describe a basic caustic wash process.
- Identify hazards associated with caustic use.
Amine Treating, Part 1
- Identify typical amines used for treating fractions to remove H2S.
- Describe the equipment and operation of a typical amine treatment unit.
Amine Treating, Part 2
- Describe process variables and conditions associated with a typical amine treating process.
- Explain why foaming is a problem and how it can be minimized.
Mercaptan Extraction
- Describe the equipment and operation of a typical mercaptan extraction process.
- Identify process variables and conditions associated with mercaptan extraction.
Mercaptan Conversion
- Describe the operation of a liquid-liquid mercaptan conversion system.
- Describe the operation of a fixed-bed mercaptan conversion system.
- Identity process variables and conditions associated with liquid-liquid and fixed-bed mercaptan conversion systems.
Sulfur Recovery
- Explain the major process reactions involved in Claus type sulfur recovery.
- Identify the equipment in a Claus type sulfur recovery unit and describe the unit's operation.
- Describe process variables and conditions associated with sulfur recovery unit operations.
SUBJECTS
Introduction to Treating and Sulfur Recovery
- Purpose of treating and sulfur recovery
- Removing hydrogen sulfide
- Removing or converting mercaptans
- Caustic washing
- Hazards associated with caustic use
Amine Treating, Part 1
- Types of amines
- Amine treatment unit components and operation
Amine Treating, Part 2
- Contactor process variables
- Stripper process variables
- Filter process variables
- Surge tank process variables
- Foaming
Mercaptan Extraction
- Typical mercaptan extraction system
- Process variables and conditions
Mercaptan Conversion
- Liquid-liquid mercaptan conversion system
- Fixed-bed mercaptan conversion system
- Process variables and conditions
Sulfur Recovery
- Claus reaction
- Steps of sulfur recovery
- Sulfur recovery unit equipment and operation
- Process variables
- Inspecting the sulfur pit
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